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Umana and Leyba expedition
Umana and Leyba, Spanish colonists, made an unauthorized expedition to the Great Plains in 1594 or 1595. An Indian, Jusepe Gutierrez, was the only survivor of the expedition.
==Background==
In 1593, Antonio Gutierrez de Umana (also spelled Humana) recruited Jusepe in Culiacan, Mexico to join him on an ''entrada'' (expedition) to what would become New Mexico. At the time, the Viceroy of New Spain was planning to authorize an official expedition and colonization of New Mexico. The expedition of Umana and his partner, Francisco Leyba de Bonilla (also spelled Leyva) was therefore illegal.
After recruiting Jusepe, Umana and Leyba found additional Spanish and Indian soldiers and servants in Santa Barbara, Chihuahua and proceeded onward into New Mexico. They remained there about one year among the Pueblo Indians near the Rio Grande. At the time there were no Spanish settlers in New Mexico, although there may have been other fortune-seekers and slavers living among the Pueblos.
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